Article in Japanese

The case of a one-month-old infant with Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia despite maternal treatment for the mother during pregnancy

Yoshiki KUSAMA¹⁾, Naoe AKIYAMA^1,2)

This study reports the case of a one-month-old infant with Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia despite maternal treatment for the mother during pregnancy. The patient presented with respiratory distress and mild hypoxemia. Chest X-ray demonstrated a unilateral infiltrate, and blood tests revealed mildly increased inflammatory biomarkers. Based on maternal history of a positive test for Chlamydia antigen and typical presentation, Chlamydia pneumonia was suspected. The patient was treated with oral erythromycin, and her symptoms improved. Polymerase chain reaction using a pharyngeal sample revealed C. trachomatis as the cause of pneumonia. Both parents received a diagnosis of genital C. trachomatis infection and treated with oral azithromycin. The patient's mother had been treated appropriately during pregnancy, but the father had not. Therefore, the father was suspected of re-infecting the mother through sexual intercourse. This case illustrates the importance of treating both sexual partners and the need for a team approach to perinatal assessment of sexually transmitted infections during pregnancy. Furthermore, as the mother was 16 years old, appropriate sex education in high school and junior high school populations is important.

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1) Pediatric Division of Fuji City General Hospital
2) Pediatric Division of Jikei University

Key words	vertical transmission, sexually transmitted infections, Chlamydia trachomatis, infantile pneumonia
Received	February 7, 2019
Accepted	May 17, 2019

31 (3)：281─286,2019